Tumor Killing Assays

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Our innate and adaptive immune system is equipped with a competent surveillance system to detect and eliminate tumor cells. Tumor cells can escape from this immune surveillance by immunoediting or immunosuppression. Thus, finding strategies to prevent tumors from escaping detection and elimination are of paramount importance.

Current immunotherapy approaches are aimed at modifying or enhancing immune cells with cytotoxic functions, such as CD8 T cells or natural killer (NK) cells. These cells often recognize and bind to tumor cells and effect tumor cell lysis through the release of cytotoxic proteases. Their activity can be enhanced by supplementing immunotherapy with checkpoint inhibitors, cytokines, and anti-tumor antibodies to induce antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC), or by genetically engineering to express chimeric antigen receptors (CAR) that are specific for a particular tumor type.

Xeno Diagnostics offers a wide range of standard and custom assays that are designed to characterize cytotoxic functions and cancer cell elimination:

  • Apoptosis assays
    • Testing the effect of cell-based therapy on killing of cancer cells by induction of apoptosis.
  • ADCC assays
    • NK cells are effector innate lymphocytes that enhance the antibody-mediated immune therapy by killing cells through its recognition of Fc receptors. NK cells exert target cell killing by cytotoxic granule release (granzyme B and perforin), direct cell lysis (measured by LDH release).
  • Chimeric antigen T cell (CAR-T) assays
    • Co-culture of CAR-T cells with target cells to quantify T cell activation and/or target cell killing.
  • Tumor cytotoxicity/ killing assays
    • T cell killing assays measure the potency of drugs to help kill tumor cells.

Xeno Diagnostics is a CLIA certified high complexity lab and adheres to GLP and GCLP standards. We have had years of experience helping clients navigate the regulatory landscape and produce high-quality assays, documentation, and reporting to fit the regulatory requirements for each stage of product development.